Introduction to Responsible AI
Experts have raised concerns about AI ethics and transparency with raising failure of artificial intelligence applications. Currently, the black box implementation of it cannot detect issues. The truth is that it is a very crucial industry, so these ethical challenges must be identified and mitigated since artificial intelligence has the tremendous capability to threaten patient privacy, safety, and preference. Such issues hinder its adoption in the healthcare industry. The issue must be resolved because any action and decision taken in the industry is a matter of life and death for a person. Several questions are raised before the adoption of artificial intelligence in healthcare:
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In the industry, it is a matter of life and death and the well-being of individuals, so to what extent can we rely on artificial intelligence algorithms?
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How do we safeguard that its algorithms are only used for intended purposes?
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How do we ensure that AI does not discriminate against specific cultures, communities, or other groups?
Responsible AI in healthcare
Although it creates business values and benefits, it also raises a host of unwanted and severe consequences, such as privacy violations, discrimination, inequalities, proliferation, etc.
Artificial Intelligence applications require careful management to prevent unintentional but significant damage to society. Justifying how computers reach particular solutions can solve this issue and build confidence between humans and computers.
What are the common challenges?
The complexity of algorithms increases to deliver better outcomes. Thus, understanding these algorithms is also becoming challenging due to their complexity. It raises reliability issues in healthcare. This process can’t work for the industry because knowing how and why artificial intelligence gives these results is very important. Below are listed some of the challenges of AI in healthcare:
Diagnostic Error
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Diagnostic errors account for 60% of all healthcare errors. This error could result in a large number of wrong diagnostic approaches.
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Undoubtedly, it can offer more accurate diagnostics, but there is always a chance of making mistakes. Thus, companies hesitate to adopt artificial intelligence in diagnosis.
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The primary reason for these errors is poor quality and biased data.
Quality Data collection
ML model needs fair and reasonable data quality to make accurate predictions, but finding high-quality, bias-free data is a significant challenge in the healthcare industry. Biased data might perpetuate inequalities.
Privacy and Security
Data privacy and security is a prominent issue. As patient data may contain some sensitive details, such as personally identifiable information, according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPA) and GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), this type of data must be protected. Concerns about data privacy, security, and leakage reduce the adoption of artificial intelligence. For instance, the University of Washington accidentally shared data with almost 1 million people due to database configuration errors.
Data Ingesting, use, and preprocessing have become increasingly difficult as more unstructured data is ingested from various sources. Hence, it’s easy to fall prey to pitfalls such as inadvertently using or revealing sensitive information hidden among anonymized data.
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What are the approaches for Responsible AI in healthcare?
The best approaches are described in the following paragraphs:
Empower leadership
A chief artificial intelligence ethics officer should be appointed as a leader. This officer will be responsible for convening stakeholders, identifying champions across the organisation, and establishing principles. They also guide the team in the creation of AI systems.
Develop principles, policies, and training
Responsible artificial intelligence principles are the foundation of it. They are an integral part of it. It is very important to spend time on principles, policies, and training. The team should have a clear idea of principles.
Human + AI governance
Defining an ethical framework, roles, responsibilities, procedures, and policies are equally important to building a successful, Responsible artificial intelligence application. It should have a highly effective governing system to review things and bridge gaps.
Conduct Reviews
A process should be built to conduct an end-to-end review. Effective integration depends on regularly assessing the risks and biases associated with each use case's outcomes. Its practitioners can identify risks early and flag them to resolve them as soon as possible.
Integrate tools and methods
Evolving and integrating tools are very important for a productive and impactful system. Such as conductive review manually is time-consuming and complex. However, if there is a tool to perform that task, it could simplify the process.
Build and test a response plan
In addition to the Responsible AI procedure, there should be a proper plan to handle any lapse and a well-tested plan to handle it. Policies and procedures need to be developed, validated, tested, and refined to ensure that harmful consequences are minimized to the greatest extent possible if an artificial intelligence system fails.
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What are its benefits in the industry?
The benefits of responsible artificial intelligence are described below:
Minimize unintended bias
It helps mitigate the bias in data and algorithms to ensure and build bias-free and responsible AI applications.
AI Transparency
Explainable artificial intelligence interprets the workings of an algorithm, which helps to understand it better than how an algorithm makes decisions.
Ensure Privacy
Protect the privacy and security of data using Privacy and Preserving AI.
It keeps sensitive information secure from malicious attacks.
It ensures that sensitive data is never used unethically.
Conclusion
AI can accelerate and advance medical research, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. But humans must govern it to mitigate bias and embed explainability. This will make artificial intelligence trustworthy and responsible for its actions. The Healthcare Industry is already using AI and ML in powerful ways, but they must be applied judiciously.
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