---
title: GraphQL with WebSocket Protocol and Subscriber | Complete Guide
description: GraphQL with Web Socket Protocol and Subscriber to receive several necessary parameters required for Workflow Representation.
image: https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-graphql-with-the-web-socket-protocol.png
---

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# GraphQL with WebSocket Protocol and Subscriber | Complete Guide

[Navdeep Singh Gill](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/author/navdeep-singh-gill) | 08 December 2022

![](https://www.xenonstack.com/hs-fs/hubfs/xenonstack-graphql-with-the-web-socket-protocol.png?width=1280&height=720&name=xenonstack-graphql-with-the-web-socket-protocol.png)

## Introduction GraphQL with WebSocket

 GraphQL is a great way to write customizable API's and combine numerous services into one endpoint. Mainly, the idea has a single endpoint, but getting the different combinations of models is amazing, mostly for the organizations working with large-scale multi-platform applications with various developers and designers.

## What is a Web-Socket?

 According to MDN, " [The WebSocket API](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/WebSockets_API) is an advanced technology that makes it possible to open a two-way interactive communication session between the user's browser and a server. With this API, you can send messages to a server and receive event-driven responses without having to poll the server for a reply."

---

> Real-time data, Connections, Scalability, fan-out and broadcasting are all handled by Intelligent Client Libraries and AppSync. Source: [New features that will enhance your Real-Time experience](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/mobile/appsync-realtime/)

 WebSocket is a protocol that gives a way to exchange data between browsers and servers over a persistent connection. It's very beneficial for applications that need continuous data exchange, for example- real-time systems, online games, and many more. A new WebSocket connection is opened by using a special WebSocket protocol in the regular URL.

---

## What is a GraphQL Subscription?

 Subscriptions are a technique to fetch data, just like queries. But, subscriptions maintain an active connection to the GraphQL server through WebSocket. This allows the server to push updates to the subscription's result over time. They are very helpful in notifying the client about any updates to the real-time requests. Whenever the backend data changes, the client will automatically get notified through the active server connection.

## How to implement?

 Here Apollo Client comes into the picture. The Apollo Client is a comprehensive state management library for JavaScript, enabling a user to organize both local and remote data with GraphQL. It is used to fetch, modify, and cache application data while automatically updating the user interface. The core @apollo/client library gives built-in integration with [React js](https://reactjs.org/), and the larger Apollo community supports integrations for the other popular view layers. Hence it is comfortable for all those developers searching to control its data in the Front-End.

> A query based language for REST APIs used to retrieve the exact data needed. Click to explore about our, [Apollo GraphQL Features](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/what-is-graphql)

## What is a Subscriber?

 Subscriber has to be defined both on the client-side also on the server-side. But, for now, we will handle the subscriber on the client-side because server-side subscriber configuration might vary depending on projects to projects. A server-side subscriber can be served through [GoLang](https://golang.org/), Node JS and many more libraries, but the client-side handling mostly remains the same for various frameworks, libraries, and tools. You can use any open source project to handle client-side subscriptions with Apollo, but here in this, I will use an open-source project named LitmusChaos.

### Defining a Subscriber

 In this project, we are going to deal with various Workflow Data. We have set up the Subscriber in such a way that we can listen to the Workflow Events and receive several necessary parameters that are required for Workflow Representation Data and many more. `const WORKFLOW_EVENTS = gql`` `subscription workflowEvents($projectID: String!) {` `  workflowEventListener(project_id: $projectID) {` `    workflow_id` `    workflow_name` `    workflow_run_id` `    execution_data` `    project_id` `    cluster_name` `    last_updated` `  }` `}`;` Whenever an Apollo Client performs the workflow events subscription, it connects to the GraphQL server and listens for response data. But like a query, it doesn't anticipate that the server will operate at once and return a response. Instead, our server only pushes data to the client whenever a particular event takes place at the backend.

### Subscriber Execution

 Apollo gives us various hooks like [Subscription](https://s3.amazonaws.com/apollo-docs-1.x/subscriptions.html), user query, and many more, making life more comfortable while performing and executing queries from a GraphQL server. Here we will be executing a previously defined subscription to listen for an event and keep the frontend up to date with any data changes at the backend when we are subscribed in that respective workflow. In Apollo Client, whenever a query returns a result, it contains a subscriber more function. `const { subscribeToMore, error, data } = useQuery( WORKFLOW_DETAILS,` ` {` `   variables: { projectID: selectedProjectID },` `   fetchPolicy: 'cache-and-network',` ` }` `);`   `// Using subscription to get real-time data`   `subscribeToMore({` `   document: WORKFLOW_EVENTS,` `   variables: { projectID: selectedProjectID },` `   updateQuery: (prev, { subscriptionData }) => {` `     if (!subscriptionData.data) return prev;` `     const modifiedWorkflows = prev.getWorkFlowRuns.slice();` `     return { ...prev, getWorkFlowRuns: modifiedWorkflows };` `   },` `});` This subscription is making a query of the data at the start and then listening to the server for further updates on the same Workflow Event if any new data is generated. Hence the subscriber updates the old data with the latest information is generated.

### Setting the transport

 Subscriptions keep a constant connection. Accordingly, Apollo Client subscriptions regularly communicate over WebSocket through the community-maintained [subscriptions-transport-ws library](https://github.com/apollographql/subscriptions-transport-ws). Here we need to install some libraries. `  npm install @apollo/client subscriptions-transport-ws` Then import and initialize a WebSocketLink where the ApolloClient is initialized before. `import { WebSocketLink } from '@apollo/client/link/ws';` `const wsLink = new WebSocketLink({` ` uri: `ws:<GraphQL Endpoint>`,` ` options: {` `   reconnect: true,` `   lazy: true` ` }` `});` In this project, our use case allows us to handle both WebSocket and HTTP requests hence our code look like. `import {` ` ApolloClient,` ` ApolloProvider,` ` HttpLink,` ` InMemoryCache,` ` split,` ` } from '@apollo/client';` ` import { setContext } from '@apollo/client/link/context';` ` import { WebSocketLink } from '@apollo/client/link/ws';` ` import { getMainDefinition } from '@apollo/client/utilities';` ` import * as React from 'react';` ` import { Provider } from 'react-redux';` ` import { PersistGate } from 'redux-persist/integration/react';` ` import config from './config'; // Stores the GraphQL Configuration` ` import App from './containers/app/App';` ` import configureStore from './redux/configureStore';` ` import getToken from './utils/getToken';` `  const { persistor, store } = configureStore();` `  // HTTP Link` ` const httpLink = new HttpLink({` ` uri: `${config.grahqlEndpoint}/query`,` ` });` `  // Adds Authentication Headers on HTTP as well as was requests` ` const authLink = setContext((_, { headers }) => {` ` const token = getToken();` ` return {` `   headers: {` `   ...headers,` `   authorization: token,` `   },` ` };` ` });` `  // WebSocket Link` ` const wsLink = new WebSocketLink({` ` uri: `${config.grahqlEndpointSubscription}/query`,` ` options: {` `   reconnect: true,` `   lazy: true,` ` },` ` });` `  // Send query request based on type ` ` const link = split(` ` ({ query }) => {` `   const definition = getMainDefinition(query);` `   return (` `   definition.kind === 'OperationDefinition' &&` `   definition.operation === 'subscription'` `   );` ` },` ` authLink.concat(wsLink),` ` authLink.concat(httpLink)` ` );` `  // Apollo Client` ` export const client = new ApolloClient({` ` link,` ` cache: new InMemoryCache(),` ` });` `  const ReduxRoot = () => {` ` return (` `   <ApolloProvider client={client}>` `   <Provider store={store}>` `     <PersistGate persistor={persistor}>` `     <App />` `     </PersistGate>` `   </Provider>` `   </ApolloProvider>` ` );` ` };` `  export default ReduxRoot;`

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## Conclusion

 Using this logic, mutations and queries will use HTTP as normal, and subscriptions will use WebSocket. There is no limitation, and you can extend this configuration and create anything your like. Do check this doc for more information.

- Read more about [API Testing Tools and Best Practises](https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/what-is-api-testing/)
- Click to know more about [Scalable Data Visualization using GraphQL and ReactJS](https://www.xenonstack.com/blog/scalable-data-visualization-reactjs/)

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## Navdeep Singh Gill

Global CEO and Founder of XenonStack

Navdeep Singh Gill is serving as Chief Executive Officer and Product Architect at XenonStack. He holds expertise in building SaaS Platform for Decentralised Big Data management and Governance, AI Marketplace for Operationalising and Scaling. His incredible experience in AI Technologies and Big Data Engineering thrills him to write about different use cases and its approach to solutions.

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## Agent SRE for Reliability and Observability Solutions

 AI continuously monitors systems for risks before they escalate. It correlates signals across logs, metrics, and traces. This ensures faster detection, fewer incidents, and stronger reliability

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[Explore Agent SRE](https://agentsre.ai/)

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## Physical Surveillance with Vision AI Agent Technology

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- ![Motion Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/motion.svg)Real-time detection of suspicious motion or intrusion
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## Agentic Data Intelligence Across Your Full Data Stack

 Your data stack becomes intelligent and conversational. Agents surface insights, detect anomalies, and explain trends. Move from dashboards to autonomous, always-on analytics

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## Intelligent Diagnostic for Self-Healing System Automation

 Agents identify recurring failures and performance issues. They trigger workflows that resolve common problems automatically. Your infrastructure evolves into a self-healing environment

- ![Diagnostics Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/diagnostic.svg)Automated diagnostics for recurring errors
- ![Playbook Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/playbook.svg)Playbook execution: restart services, scale pods, clear queues
- ![Feedback Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/feedback.svg)Feedback loop for improving remediation strategies

[See in Action](https://agentanalyst.ai/)

![intelligent-diagnostic](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/dataops-reimagined-banner-image.svg)

✕

## Agentic GRC - Monitoring Risk and Compliance Controls

 AI continuously checks controls and compliance posture. It detects misconfigurations and risks before they escalate. Evidence collection becomes automatic and audit-ready

- ![Controls Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/controls.svg)Continuous control checks across infrastructure and SaaS
- ![Audit Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/audit.svg)Automated evidence collection for audits
- ![Risk Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/risk.svg)Risk scoring and prioritized remediation recommendations

[Explore Agent GRC](https://agentgrc.ai/)

![monitoring-risk-and-compliance](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/enhanced-security-measures.svg)

✕

## Agentic Finance and Procurement Intelligent Agents

 Financial and procurement workflows become proactive and insight-driven. Agents monitor spend, vendors, and contracts in real time. Approvals and sourcing decisions become faster and smarter

- ![Visibility Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/visibility.svg)Real-time visibility into spend and commitments
- ![Anomaly Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/anomaly.svg)Anomaly detection on invoices and vendor performance
- ![Workflow Icon](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/workflow.svg)Intelligent workflows for approvals and sourcing decisions

[Optimize Finance & Procurement](https://www.xenonify.ai/)

![agentic-finance-and-procurement](https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/responsible-ai-aviators-banner-illustration.svg)

```json
{
  "@context" : "https://schema.org",
  "@type" : "BlogPosting",
  "author" : {
    "@type" : "Person",
    "name" : "Navdeep Singh Gill",
    "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/author/navdeep-singh-gill"
  },
  "dateModified" : "2022-12-08T18:14:20.620Z",
  "datePublished" : "2022-12-05T05:00:00.000Z",
  "headline" : "GraphQL with WebSocket Protocol and Subscriber | Complete Guide",
  "image" : [ "https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/xenonstack-graphql-with-the-web-socket-protocol.png" ],
  "mainEntityOfPage" : {
    "@id" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/graphql-with-web-socket-protocol",
    "@type" : "WebPage"
  },
  "publisher" : {
    "@type" : "Organization",
    "logo" : {
      "@type" : "ImageObject",
      "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/hubfs/Xenonstack-Serives%20-3-2-2021-10.png"
    },
    "name" : "Xenonstack Inc"
  }
}
```

```json
{
  "@context" : "http://schema.org",
  "@type" : "Organization",
  "address" : {
    "@type" : "PostalAddress",
    "addressCountry" : "USA",
    "addressLocality" : "Plano",
    "addressRegion" : "Texas",
    "postalCode" : "75024",
    "streetAddress" : "7700 Windrose Ave. "
  },
  "description" : "XenonStack is the #1 Data and AI foundry and technology services company to simplify and scale Enterprise and Generative AI Journeys.",
  "email" : "business@xenonstack.com",
  "logo" : "https://f.hubspotusercontent30.net/hubfs/8161231/Xenonstack-Serives%20-3-2-2021-10.png",
  "mainEntityOfPage" : {
    "@id" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/insights/graphql-with-web-socket-protocol",
    "@type" : "WebPage",
    "description" : "GraphQL with Web Socket Protocol and Subscriber to receive several necessary parameters required for Workflow Representation."
  },
  "name" : "XenonStack",
  "sameAs" : [ "https://www.facebook.com/XenonStack", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/xenonstack/", "https://www.youtube.com/c/XenonStackOfficial", "https://twitter.com/xenonstack" ],
  "telephone" : "",
  "url" : "https://www.xenonstack.com/"
}
```